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[Objective]To investigate the effects of peripheral form-deprivation and central form-deprivation on em-metropization of infant rhesus monkeys.[Methods]Nineteen healthy infant rhesus monkeys,about 3 weeks of age,were divided into three groups of A(n=6),B(n=6)and C(n=7)by random.The monkeys from group A wore peripheral form-deprivation spectacle lenses over both of their eyes.The monkeys from group B wore central form-deprivation lenses over both of their eyes.The monkeys from group C were 0.00 Dlenses over both of their eyes as control.The monkeys'refractive error,corneal topography,vitreous chamber depth were measured at the start of lens wear and at 2 weeks,1.5 months, 2 months,3 months post-treatment. By these means,we can observe the changes of eye growth and refractive status dynamically.[Results]In group A,B and C,no statistically significant difference was observed between the right and left eyes in vitreous chamber depth and refractive errors pre-and post-treatment(P>0.05).During the course of study,the vitreous chamber depthelongated gradually and refractive status became less hyperopic in all animals.After 3 months'lens wear,the axial eyeball elongation amplitude(mm)of group A(peripheral form-deprivation group,1.25±0.36)monkeys was more obvious than that of group C(control group,0.55±0.19,P=0.001),but there was no statistically significant difference between group B(0.59±0.14)and C(P=0.807).The decrease of hyperopic degrees(D)of group A monkeys (-4.44±1.33)was more obvious than that of group C(-1.83±0.58,P=0.000).The eyes of group A monkeys appeared a remarkable myopic shift after treatment. No statistically significant difference was found between group B(-2.25±0.31) and C in hyperopic degrees reduction(P=0.383). Before and after lens wear,no statistically significant difference was found within or between groups in corneal Sim K values(P>0.05).[Conclusion]During the emmetropization process of infant rhesus monkeys,if the visual signals from peripheral retina are in conflict with those from central retina,the former will play a dominant role.
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AIM:To investigate the differences of clinical signs and pathological structure of unilateral nasal pterygium and unilateral double pterygium.METHODS:Retrospective study.Totally 11 unilateral nasal pterygium and 11 unilateral double pterygium were collected to observe the size of the tissue area, the classification of blood vessels, the transparency and the break-up time of tear film.The 11 surgically excised double pterygia (11 eyes) and 6 samples of normal conjunctiva were collected for the study.With 40g/L paraformaldehyde fixation, paraffin sections were stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin, to observe the differences with nasal and temporal pathology under light microscope.RESULTS:In unilateral double pterygium, the tear break-up time was significantly shorter than that of unilateral nasal pterygium (t=3.410, P=0.003).In unilateral nasal pterygium, there was a significant negative correlation between tear film break-up time and tissue size(r=-0.927, P<0.01) and transparency(r=-0.764,P<0.01).In unilateral double pterygium, the tear break-up time was significantly negatively correlated with the growth time (r=-0.661, P<0.05), tissue size (r=-0.775, P<0.01) and transparency (r=-0.671,P<0.05).In unilateral double pterygium, compared with the temporal side, the quantity of the layers of corneal epithelial cells (t=-7.351, P<0.05), vessels (t=-7.400, P<0.05) and inflammatory cells (t=-7.481, P<0.05) increased.CONCLUSION:Compared with unilateral nasal pterygium, the tear film break-up time of unilateral double pterygium was poor.In unilateral double pterygium, with high activity, the degree of proliferation of squamous epithelium, hyperplasia and inflammatory reaction are significantly higher than those of the temporal side.
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Background The sex hormones plays an important role in the incidence of dry eye,especially for the regulation of function.However,the effects of sex hormones on lacrimal gland epithelial cells are below understand.Objective This study was to investgate the effects of estradiol and testosterone on the apoptosis of lacrimal gland cells induced by H2O2.Methods The lacrimal gland tissue was obtained from 2- or 3-month-old clean male New Zealand rabbits and the lacrimal gland epithelial cells were cultured in vitro using esplant culture method.The cells were identified by pan cytokeratin antibodies with immunocytochemistry.lacrimal gland epithelial cells were incubated in the 96 well plate at the density of 5 × l04 cells/ml for 44 hours.Estradiol or testosterone with the concentrations of 1 × 10-5,1 × 10-6,1 × 10-7,1 × 10-8 mol/L were added into the medium for 24 hours respectively and 1× 10-4 mol/L H2O2 treated the cells for 1 hour to induce the apoptosis in experimental groups.The cells treated by only 1 × 10-4 mol/L H2O2 were used as apoptotic control group,and the cells cultured by regular method were used as blank control group.The cell viability in different groups was detected using MTT at 570 nm ( A570 ),and the apoptotic rates of the cells were assayed using Annexin V/PI double staining.This use and maintain of experimental animals followed the Regulation for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The cultured cells showed the irregular polygon in shape,and about 80％ cells was positive response for cytokeratin.MTT assay showed that the lower A570 values were detected in the H2O2-induced group,various concentrations of estradiol or testosterone groups compared with blank control group (P＜0.01 ).The A570 values in 1 × 10-5,1 × 10-6,1 × 10-7 mol/L estradiol groups or 1 × 10-6 mol/L testosterone group were significantly higher than ones of H2 O2-induced group (P＜0.01 ).Compared with corresponding concentrations of testosterone groups,the A570values in various concentrations of estradiol groups were elevated( P＜0.01 ).The apoptosis rates at the early and later phase were significantly declined in both estradiol group and testosterone group in comparison with H2 O2-induced group (P ＜ 0.01,P＜ 0.05 ),and those in estradiol group were lower than the testosterone group( P＜0.01,P＜0.05 ).Conclusions Estradiol and testosterone suppress the apoptosis of lacrimal gland cells induced by H2O2,and the stronger effect is found in estrogen.The inhibition of estrogen on lacrimal gland cell apoptosis show a dose-dependent manner to some extent.
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0.05).Moreover,the growth curves of the two kinds of cells were similar.Con- clusions The cell growth properties of cultured transplanted rabbit SMG are similar to that of normal SMG,the cytobiological charac- teristic of transplanted autologous free rabbit SMG are not changed evidently.